{"id":14678,"date":"2026-11-03T00:16:57","date_gmt":"2026-11-03T00:16:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theoasisgrp.com\/?p=14678"},"modified":"2026-11-03T00:20:07","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T00:20:07","slug":"the-code-came-before-the-law-that-is-why-it-worked","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theoasisgrp.com\/?p=14678","title":{"rendered":"The Code Came Before the Law. That Is Why It Worked."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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In 1896, five electrical installation codes were in use across the United States, and none of them was compatible with the others.\u00b9 Fifteen months later there was one. Government did not write it. The people paying for the fires did.<\/p>

That sequence, industry standard first and public law second, is why nobody thinks of the National Electrical Code as regulation at all. It reads as physics. It is also the model for how your firm should be governing artificial intelligence right now, and the clock on it is shorter than the one the electrical industry had.<\/p>

The People Closest to the Fire Wrote the Rule<\/strong><\/h2>

Adoption in the 1890s was running ahead of any shared standard for safe use. The Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies reported electrical fires in 23 of the 65 New England mills it insured. Most inspectors came from the insurance industry, and government inspectors were rare. The minutes of the first standards meeting record that electricians were inventing their own rules as they worked, and that rarely did two of them think alike.\u00b2<\/p>

On March 18 and 19, 1896, twenty-three people met at the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in New York: fire underwriters, architects, and engineers from General Electric, Westinghouse, Western Union, and Bell Telephone among them. They took the best requirements from the five competing codes and from the German and English rules, sent a draft to 1,200 reviewers in the United States and Europe, and finalized the first National Electrical Code in 1897. The first edition ran 64 pages. The 2020 edition ran 901.\u00b3<\/p>

The National Fire Protection Association took over the code in 1911, and states have adopted each new edition into law ever since.\u2074 On September 1, 2026, Wisconsin adopted the 2023 edition, joining twenty other states on that version while two still enforce 2008.\u2075 Every one of those adoptions is a government ratifying a standard it did not write, because the standard already worked.<\/p>

Self-Regulation Did Not Require Altruism. It Required a Balance Sheet.<\/strong><\/h2>

The underwriters did not convene the 1896 meeting out of public spirit. They convened it because they were paying claims on electrical fires and could not underwrite a risk that had five definitions. Uniform standards made the risk insurable. That is the part worth carrying forward: self-regulation does not require the regulated party to be good. It requires the party closest to the loss to have a reason to write the rule.<\/p>

The minutes show the second half of that incentive. One participant warned that if standards were set so high that wiring became prohibitively expensive, the business would stagnate the way London’s had under the Board of Trade, and there would be no premiums left to collect.\u2076 The people writing the code wanted it safe and wanted it practical, in that order, because they would live under it. A regulator writing the same rule from outside the industry carries only the first of those two incentives.<\/p>

This is not a story about electricity. It is a story about who holds the pen.<\/p>

The Objection: Electricity Was Local. AI Is Not.<\/strong><\/h2>

The strongest argument against the analogy is that electricity’s danger was physical and bounded. A bad splice burned one building. A downed wire killed one lineman. An AI system acting across a firm’s book acts at scale, with no physical proximity to anyone, and a single flawed model can touch every client at once.<\/p>

That description of the difference is accurate. The conclusion drawn from it is not.<\/p>

The National Electrical Code did not work because the harm it prevented was small. It worked because the people with the technical knowledge to write an enforceable standard did so before anyone else could. Proximity to the risk, the competence to specify a testable rule, and an incentive to enforce it: that is the mechanism. None of those three depends on whether the eventual damage is a fire or a data breach, local or systemic. What matters is who can write a standard a third party can actually check, not what kind of loss the standard prevents.<\/p>

Here is where the objection does land, and it deserves naming even though this piece will not resolve it. Call it the one exception. There is a narrower, more severe category of AI risk, the irreversible, systemic, execution-level failure, where “panic, then self-regulation, then infrastructure” does not fully apply, because the harm can arrive faster than any standards body can meet and does not undo. Everything in this piece concerns the electricity-type slice of AI risk: the bounded, engineerable, high-frequency failures that make up nearly all of what a wealth management firm will actually encounter. The one exception is real. It is not an argument against writing the code for everything else.<\/p>

Your AI Acceptable Use Policy Is the 1897 Code<\/strong><\/h2>

Every wealth management firm is now standing where the underwriters stood in March 1896. Adoption has outrun the standard. Advisors are using AI tools the firm has not reviewed, with client data the firm has not classified, under rules that do not yet exist. The SEC’s Division of Examinations has said it will assess whether firms have implemented adequate policies and procedures to monitor and supervise their use of AI, including in back-office functions.\u2077 Under the 2024 amendments to Regulation S-P, any AI vendor that touches customer information is a service provider your incident response program must oversee.\u2078 Neither document tells you what your standard should say. Both tell you an examiner will ask to see it, and so will an institutional prospect’s due diligence questionnaire, a client’s attorney after a bad outcome, and the next senior advisor you try to recruit.<\/p>

Run the clock. The electrical industry went from five incompatible codes to one national standard in roughly fifteen months. Federal rulemaking under the Administrative Procedure Act runs roughly 18 to 30 months from the decision to proceed under favorable conditions, and the current Commission has shown no intention of proceeding on AI. A firm that starts its AI Acceptable Use Policy this quarter will have a working standard, tested and revised, before the SEC has published a proposal.<\/p>

The build order is the one the underwriters followed. Inventory first, because you cannot write a policy for tools you do not know about. Then the written policy, with approved, limited-use, and prohibited tiers, named data categories, an approval path for new tools, and a quarterly review. Then vendor due diligence mapped to Regulation S-P. Then a supervisory procedure that produces a review record, not a sentence saying review should occur. Then a training record with dates and names. Provide enterprise-grade tools that do not train on your data before you prohibit the consumer ones, because prohibition without an alternative moves the risk into places you cannot see.<\/p>

The question is not whether AI use inside your firm will be governed by a written standard. It will be, by you or by someone who does not know your business. The question is whether the version an examiner reads was written by the people closest to the risk.<\/p>

The Firms Writing the Standard Are Deciding What the Rule Will Say<\/strong><\/h2>

The firms building an AI Acceptable Use Policy now are doing what the underwriters did in 1896: writing a practical standard because they carry the loss, and revising it as the technology changes. When a rule eventually arrives from Washington or a state capital, it will ratify what they already do. The firms waiting for that rule will get one written by people who have never sat in a client review, and they will learn what it says at the same moment the examiner reads it back to them.<\/p>

That is the fate of a code that works. Nobody remembers it was ever optional.<\/p>

Endnotes<\/strong><\/p>

\u00b9 Earley, Mark. “125 and Counting: The Important History Behind the Establishment of the NEC.” Electrical Contractor<\/em>, 15 Mar. 2021, www.ecmag.com\/magazine\/articles\/article-detail\/codes-standards-125-and-counting-important-history-behind-establishment-nec<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u00b2 Earley, Mark. “125 and Counting: The Important History Behind the Establishment of the NEC.” Electrical Contractor<\/em>, 15 Mar. 2021, www.ecmag.com\/magazine\/articles\/article-detail\/codes-standards-125-and-counting-important-history-behind-establishment-nec<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u00b3 Earley, Mark. “125 and Counting: The Important History Behind the Establishment of the NEC.” Electrical Contractor<\/em>, 15 Mar. 2021, www.ecmag.com\/magazine\/articles\/article-detail\/codes-standards-125-and-counting-important-history-behind-establishment-nec<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u2074 Earley, Mark. “125 and Counting: The Important History Behind the Establishment of the NEC.” Electrical Contractor<\/em>, 15 Mar. 2021, www.ecmag.com\/magazine\/articles\/article-detail\/codes-standards-125-and-counting-important-history-behind-establishment-nec<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u2075 Laezman, Rick. “Wisconsin Updates National Electrical Code to 2023 Edition.” Electrical Contractor<\/em>, 18 Sept. 2026, www.ecmag.com\/magazine\/articles\/article-detail\/wisconsin-updates-national-electrical-code-to-2023-edition<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u2076 Earley, Mark. “125 and Counting: The Important History Behind the Establishment of the NEC.” Electrical Contractor<\/em>, 15 Mar. 2021, www.ecmag.com\/magazine\/articles\/article-detail\/codes-standards-125-and-counting-important-history-behind-establishment-nec<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u2077 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Division of Examinations. Fiscal Year 2026 Examination Priorities<\/em>. 17 Nov. 2025, www.sec.gov\/files\/2026-exam-priorities.pdf<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>

\u2078 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. “SEC Adopts Rule Amendments to Regulation S-P to Enhance Protection of Customer Information.” Press Release 2024-58, 16 May 2024, www.sec.gov\/newsroom\/press-releases\/2024-58<\/a>. Accessed 19 Sept. 2026.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 1896, five electrical installation codes were in use across the United States, and none of them was compatible with the others.\u00b9 Fifteen months later there was one. Government did not write it. The people paying for the fires did. 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